HYBRID THREATS: A SERIOUS CHALLENGE TO THE CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE OF NATO ALLIES

Tamás SOMOGYI*,

Rudolf NAGY**

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* Doctoral School on Safety and Security Sciences, Óbuda University, Budapest, Hungary
** Bánki Donát Faculty of Mechanical and Safety Engineering, Óbuda University, Budapest, Hungary
DOI: 10.64404/JoDRM.2025.1.08
 
Issue: Vol. 16, Issue 1 (30) / 2025

Abstract
    Hybrid warfare may incorporate a wide range of abilities, conventional capabilities, irregular tactics and formations, indiscriminate violence and criminal disorder. All of these undoubtedly can jeopardize the political stability, the economic growth and the availability of essential services. As hybrid warfare is found to be actively used by NATO’s adversaries from 2022, the security challenge faced by the operators of essential services in the EU and NATO became much more significant. Therefore, defense capability, especially cyber security plays a crucial role within NATO member countries. This paper aims to i) show the main elements of NATO’s answer to the hybrid threats, with a focus on cyber security; and ii) provide some recommendations in order to enhance the resilience of critical infrastructure in NATO member states. In this study publicly available documents were explored and relevant literature was examined. As a result, this paper proposes the involvement of operators of essential services in training and exercises in order to enhance the level of resilience against hybrid threats.
Key words
      Critical Infrastructure Protection, cyber security, hybrid warfare, NATO.
Cite this article: Somogyi, T., & Nagy, R. (2025). Hybrid threats: a serious challenge to the critical infrastructure of NATO allies. Journal of Defense Resources Management, 16(1), 147-160. https://doi.org/10.64404/JoDRM.2025.1.08

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