JoDRM Volume 15, Issue no.2(29), October 2024
| |
CONTENTS | |
I. ARTICLES | |
NATION-BUILDING IN MOLDOVA: IDENTITY, LANGUAGE, AND THE POLITICS OF INTEGRATION THROUGH THE LENS OF CONSTRUCTIVISM“Carol I” National Defense University, | |
| Abstract | |
| This paper examines the complex process of nation-building in Moldova through a constructivist theoretical framework, focusing on the interplay between identity formation, language policies, and political integration efforts. Since gaining independence in 1991, Moldova has grappled with forging a cohesive national identity amidst competing historical narratives, linguistic tensions, and geopolitical pressures. The analysis explores how Moldovan national identity is socially constructed through ongoing negotiations between diverse ethnic, linguistic and regional groups, as well as external influences from Russia and the European Union. The process of nation-building in Moldova is further complicated by the country’s historical legacy as a borderland between competing empires and ideologies. This has resulted in a multifaceted cultural landscape where Romanian, Russian, and distinctly Moldovan elements coexist and sometimes clash. The paper examines attempts to navigate these complexities. Language policy has emerged as a critical battleground in this process, with debates over the status of Romanian versus Moldovan language reflecting deeper tensions about national identity and geopolitical orientation. | |
| Key words: | |
| national identity, history, language, domestic policies, EU integration. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 9-24. |  Pdf Version |
REGIONAL COOPERATION PLATFORMS IN THE SOUTH CAUCASUS: AZERBAIJAN-GEORGIA-TURKIYE IN THE CONTEXT OF TRILATERAL DEFENCE COOPERATIONMilitary Scientific Research Institute, National Defence University, Azerbaijan | |
| Abstract | |
| The article analyzes the history of defense cooperation of Azerbaijan-Georgia-Türkiye and the main factors rationalizing this cooperation, as well as another regional cooperation platform project proposed to be formed within the framework of new geopolitical realities in the South Caucasus as a result of the Second Karabakh War. The purpose of the research work is to reveal the importance of the trilateral defense cooperation of Azerbaijan-Georgia-Türkiye in the South Caucasus region with a fragile security environment and to analyze the possibility of the creation of another new proposed regional cooperation platform (3 (Türkiye, Russia and Iran) + 3 (Azerbaijan, Georgia and Armenia)). The research work using the comparative analysis method emphasized the need to organize the reliable protection of the energy-transport-communication projects jointly implemented by Azerbaijan-Georgia-Türkiye and to have the power to adequately respond to any threat that may arise in the region. Meanwhile, it was concluded that there is little possibility of the creation of another cooperation platform at the current stage and it was highlighted that the sides of Azerbaijan-Georgia-Türkiye should systemize the organization of coordination work at a high level between the relevant state institutions and the point that they should further strengthen their position to participate in future regional platforms. | |
| Key words: | |
Azerbaijan-Georgia-Türkiye, South Caucasus, Second Karabakh War, NATO, terror. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 25-32. | Pdf Version |
BUFFER ZONE IN INDONESIAN TERRITORY TO ANTICIPATE IMPACTS OF NUCLEAR WAR ON KOREAN PENINSULA* Indonesia Naval Technology College, Morokrembangan, Surabaya, Indonesia | |
| Abstract | |
| The nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula in recent decades is considered to have become one of the serious threats to security and stability in East Asia in particular and the world in general. Being an endless topic of conversation is based on the politics applied by North Korea which makes the international world always alert. Indonesia is directly or indirectly one of the countries that will be affected by the Korean peninsula nuclear war. The impact of radiation from the Korean Peninsula nuclear war affects health impacts, environmental impacts and socio-economic impacts. Buffer zones as one of the alternative steps to mitigate the impact of nuclear war. The method used in this research is a literature review that refers to the development of political issues between the North Korean and South Korean blocks, the theory of buffer zones that have been applied in warfare and studies of the impact due to nuclear radiation that has occurred. The purpose of this research is to mitigate and minimize the impact of the Korean peninsula nuclear war that will be received by the Indonesian region. From the results of the discussion, it can be concluded that the buffer zone is effective as an anticipation of the threat of nuclear war on the Korean peninsula because it can create a security and preparedness zone for the population and planning for strengthening infrastructure that supports the anticipation of the impact of nuclear war. The results of this study contribute to be used as a basic material for strategies to deal with nuclear war on the Korean peninsula. | |
| Key words: | |
Buffer Zone, Anticipate nuclear war, Literature review. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 33-50. | Pdf Version |
STRATEGIC ADVANTAGE OF STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES (SOEs) DEVELOPMENT POLICIES IN STRENGTHENING NAVAL ARMAMENTS* University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia | |
| Abstract | |
| In an increasingly complex and dynamic era, the capabilities of naval armaments become crucial aspects in ensuring a country’s maritime sovereignty. State-owned Enterprises (SOEs) have significant potential to act as drivers in strengthening the capabilities of naval armaments. This paper aims to delve deeper into the role and contribution of SOEs in the development of the defense industry, particularly in the context of strengthening the capabilities of naval armaments. This approach includes conceptual analysis and case studies that allow researchers to explore various aspects of policies and practices related to SOE development in the defense industry. The experts were interviewed with a total of 12 expert panels. Several important findings resulting from this analysis reinforce awareness of the crucial role of SOEs in supporting maritime defense while highlighting the potential of specific strategies in achieving the goals of strengthening naval armaments, such as Variation of Strategies Adopted by SOEs in Developing the Defense Industry, consists of Product Diversification and Technological Innovation; Collaboration with Strategic Partners; Operational Efficiency Improvement. Besides that, the success of SOE development policies in the defense industry encompasses coordinated inter-agency cooperation, investment in research and development (R&D), and supportive regulations. Further improvement and development steps in the maritime defense industry include enhancing synergy with the government through the establishment of special teams and discussion forums, boosting R&D investment through fiscal incentive programs and the establishment of innovation centers, as well as improving responsive regulations through the formation of regulatory committees and independent audits. | |
| Key words: | |
Naval Armaments, SOEs, Defense Industry, Development Policies, Strategic Advantage. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 51-66. | Pdf Version |
DEFENSE FINANCIAL MECHANISMS IN NATO COUNTRIES – MANAGERIAL APPROACHES“Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, Romania | |
| Abstract | |
| This paper provides a comparative case study on two NATO countries Sweden and Romania, analyzing military budget expenditures and funding since 2014. It examines the managerial concepts used by those two countriesto finance their defense sectors, focusing on the efficient allocation of resources for national security. The study presents the research objectives and research questions using a mixed-method approach that includes comprehensive primary data and secondary government reports. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis are used. The findings of the analysis will propose models for standardizing budget planning across NATO countries, with recommendations for improving current defense budgeting mechanisms. | |
| Key words: | |
budget, economics, financing, military financing, policy recommendations, resource allocation. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 67-91. | Pdf Version |
INFORMING DATA SELECTION FOR SATELLITE SUBSYSTEMS COST ESTIMATING RELATIONSHIPSDepartment of Systems Engineering and Management Air Force Institute of Technology, Dayton Ohio, United States of America | |
| Abstract | |
| This paper seeks to improve the cost estimating piece of the resource management function for defense satellites. It provides guidelines to facilitate data selection decisions when developing satellite Cost Estimating Relationships (CERs). Over the years, there have been transformations in satellite sizes, shapes, orbits, and mission requirements. Cost practitioners must make decisions on how to model and/or segregate data by these characteristics when developing their estimates. This paper provides a flowchart for practitioners to follow when making data decisions for their CERs. It is recommended that cost practitioners initially filter by mission or orbit types. The subsequent level of separation suggests filtering based on shape, but the loss of data points may make this infeasible in some instances. Satellite size is also considered, but not recommended. | |
| Key words: | |
cost estimating, cost modeling, data selection , defense budgets. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 92-109. | Pdf Version |
TRANSFORMING DISTANCE LEARNING SYSTEMS AT G.S. RAKOVSKI NATIONAL DEFENSE COLLEGE IN THE CONTEXT OF NATO’S EVOLVING SECURITY ENVIRONMENTRakovski National Defence College | |
| Abstract | |
| This article provides a comprehensive analysis of how Rakovski National Defence College has adapted its distance learning systems to meet the demands of NATO’s evolving security environment, particularly in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and the ongoing war in Ukraine. The study examines the integration of advanced distributed learning (ADL) systems, emphasizing the academy’s proactive measures in enhancing cybersecurity and maintaining educational continuity. Through a detailed exploration of security incidents and the implementation of user training programs, the article offers valuable insights for military educators and policymakers on the challenges and strategies associated with digital transformation in military education. | |
| Key words: | |
Distance Learning, Cybersecurity, NATO, Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL), Military Education. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 110-121. | Pdf Version |
EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND DIGITAL LEADERSHIP USING BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS METHOD*Beykent University, Istanbul, Türkiye, | |
| Abstract | |
| The convergence of sustainable development and digital leadership has become a vital research area, driven by the global need for economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental sustainability. This study uses bibliometric analysis to examine 79 academic articles published between 2011 and 2024, highlighting key trends, themes, and structures in the literature. The findings reveal increasing interest in the potential of digital technologies to enhance sustainability by improving resource efficiency, fostering economic growth, and promoting social inclusivity. However, challenges like environmental concerns and the digital divide persist. Key themes in the literature include innovation, impact, management, and transformational leadership, with journals like Sustainability publishing high-impact research. This study offers valuable insights into the complex relationship between sustainable development and digital leadership, guiding future research and practice in this evolving field. | |
| Key words: | |
Sustainable Development, Digital Leadership, Bibliometric Analysis, Innovation Transformational Leadership. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 122-135. | Pdf Version |
THE IMPACT OF THE DIGITAL REVOLUTION ON FUTURE FIGHTER PILOT TRAININGRomanian Air Force, 57th Air Base, Mihail Kogalniceanu, Romania | |
| Abstract | |
| The Digital Revolution shall profoundly transform the landscape of future fighter pilot training, integrating advanced technologies to enhance efficiency, realism, and adaptability. Key innovations include virtual and augmented reality, big data analytics, an understanding of cortex development from a young age, the application of the athlete model, and a marked shift from legacy approaches to tech training methodologies. Legacy training approaches primarily relied on traditional classroom instruction, manual flight simulations, and live flight exercises. While effective, these methods are resource-intensive, costly, and limited in their ability to replicate the complexities of modern aerial combat. Pilots trained under these conventional systems often face constraints in terms of exposure to diverse combat scenarios and adaptive learning opportunities. In contrast, tech training approach leverages virtual and augmented reality to create immersive, realistic simulation environments that can replicate a vast array of combat situations with high fidelity, fostering a more challenging and realistic training experience. This approach can offer personalized training programs by identifying individual strengths and weaknesses through continuous performance monitoring. Understanding cortex development, particularly in young individuals, plays a critical role in shaping effective training methodologies. The cortex, responsible for critical functions such as decision-making, and attention, undergoes significant development during childhood and adolescence. Early engagement in activities that stimulate cognitive functions can enhance the cortex’s growth and plasticity, preparing individuals for advanced training later in life. The athlete model further revolutionizes pilot training by treating pilots as elite athletes. This model emphasizes comprehensive physical conditioning, mental resilience, and optimized nutrition to enhance overall performance. Incorporating principles from sports science, it ensures that pilots maintain peak physical and cognitive conditions, enabling them to endure the high demands of aerial combat. Big data analytics further contribute by aggregating vast amounts of flight data to refine training syllabi and predict potential skill gaps. These technologies not only reduce the costs and logistical constraints associated with conventional training but also ensure a higher standard of preparedness for pilots facing modern combat environments. Next generation training should continually evolve and optimize fighter pilot training, ensuring that future fighters are better equipped with the skills and knowledge necessary to meet the demands of contemporary and future aerial warfare. | |
| Key words: | |
virtual and augmented reality, big data analytics, cortex development, aerial warfare, professional athlete. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 136-151. | Pdf Version |
APPLYING DIDACTIC TEACHING PRINCIPLES TO PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING EDUCATION IN MILITARY HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONSEducational Institute of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Heydar Aliyev Military Institute of the National Defense University, Baku, Azerbaijan | |
| Abstract | |
| The article deals with the application of the didactic principles of engineering training in military higher education to the professional education process. The purpose of the study is to investigate the effective application of the didactic principles of the didactic design of the engineering training program in the higher military educational institutions of Azerbaijan to the process of professional education and to emphasize the possibility of new pedagogical opportunities in this direction. The article emphasizes that the didactic basis of teaching exercises in military higher education is an effective approach for improving the professional education process. This method is based on the principles of active learning and emphasizes the importance of learner-centered approaches. This approach involves using a variety of teaching strategies to engage learners and encourage their acquisition and application of new knowledge and skills. It includes interactive lectures, case studies, group discussions and hands-on activities. The article also discusses the theoretical foundations of the didactic approach in the process of military higher education and its practical application to the process of professional education. As a result of the conducted research, the didactic approach in professional military education as the main method in the training of modern military engineer personnel and in the process of engineer training education has a number of advantages, such as the development of practical skills and the increase of military knowledge. critical thinking, improving teamwork, improving information retention and promoting lifelong learning and new opportunities are identified. Emphasizing the advantages and difficulties of this method, the article provides theoretical and practical recommendations for the design, application and practice of effective didactic training approaches in their teaching, scientific-methodical activities, and teachers studying in military institutions. | |
| Key words: | |
military engineer training, didactic principles, professional education, didactic approaches. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 152-163. |  |
ENHANCING PUBLIC POLICY COMMUNICATION: UTILIZING SHARIA STATE SECURITIES (SBSN) AS DEFENSE FINANCIAL RESOURCES*Command and Staff College, Indonesia Navy, Indonesia; **Lecturer Staff, Command and Staff College, Indonesia Navy, Indonesia; ***Indonesia Naval Technology College, Indonesia | |
| Abstract | |
| The allocation of Sharia Government Securities (SBSN) as a financial resource for the Ministry of Defense and the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) is a new policy. However, the implementation communication process reveals a significant gap in understanding among institutions regarding SBSN policies. This research investigates this phenomenon using structuration analysis to identify causes and proposes inter-agency policy structuration to enhance control over SBSN financial resources for defense. Employing qualitative methods supported by expert panels, the research focuses on the structuration and communication of public policy among the Ministry of Defense, Ministry of Finance, Bappenas, and the Indonesian Navy to empower SBSN financial resources. Findings highlight a lack of understanding and delayed program awareness, originating from its belated inclusion in the 2021 Macroeconomic Framework and Fiscal Policy Principles document. SBSN financing is seen as crucial for realizing the TNI AL (Navy) program under the Ministry of Defense’s authority, with policy negotiations predominantly influenced by Bappenas. | |
| Key words: | |
Sharia Government Securities (SBSN), Financial resources, Public policy communication, Qualitative methods, Defense stakeholders. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 164-183. |  |
NAVIGATING COMMUNICATION THROUGH THE CHALLENGES OF THE ACTUAL GEOPOLITICAL CONTEXTRegional Department of Defense Resources Management Studies, Brasov, Romania | |
| Abstract | |
| Today’s complex geopolitical landscape, characterized by shifting power dynamics, cultural differences, information warfare and the rise of digital communication should consider mastering effective communication more critical than ever. Navigating these challenges demands special knowledge, skills, and a willingness to engage. Effective communication is essential for countries, organizations and individuals to successfully engage, negotiate, and collaborate in an increasingly interconnected yet, tension-filled world. Under such circumstances, communication should be viewed as an essential resource for governments, organizations and defense agencies and should be employed not just to provide orientation, coordinate activities and build trust. Still, governments and official communicators should remember that one of the major problems today is the public’s growing distrust in official sources. This distrust makes conveying accurate information more difficult and undermines efforts to counter global and national security threats. | |
| Key words: | |
communication, geopolitics, information, disinformation threats and challenges. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 184-193. | |
MILITARY CULTURE AND DEFENSE MANAGEMENT IN AZERBAIJAN: CONTEMPORARY TRANSFORMATIONSMilitary Institute named after Heydar Aliyev, Baku, Azerbaijan | |
| Abstract | |
| The article is dedicated to studying military culture, which is of special relevance in military administration in modern times and acts as an important means of socialization between the army and society. In the article, based on various scientific sources, the author tried to reveal military culture’s characteristic features and content and exhibited a specific scientific approach to its structural elements and forms. The analysis of new concepts and categories included in the value standards of military culture in the process of building an army in connection with the emergence of a new political way of thinking in Azerbaijani society formed a special subject of research in the article. The article also put forward specific considerations regarding the possibilities of applying military culture in the training of qualified officer personnel in the Azerbaijani army, as well as development prospects. As a result, in the article, taking advantage of the historical experience, the involvement of the achievements of all fields of culture in the field of military activity as a whole was evaluated as one of the important requirements facing the army, and the synthesis of all the achievements of the military culture with the reforms carried out in the military field was expressed as a guarantee of the success, success and reliable future of the army. To strengthen the value standards of military culture in the future in the process of building an army, their continuous promotion among personnel is reflected in the article as the main proposal. | |
| Key words: | |
military culture, military, culture, semiotic-symbolic culture, army construction, formal military culture, informal military culture. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 194-205. | |
THE INFLUENCE OF MIGRATION UPON INNOVATION IN GROWTH POLESInstitute for World Economy, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania | |
| Abstract | |
| Migration has significantly influenced economic landscapes in recent years, particularly within growth poles – regions characterized by concentrated economic development and innovation. This article examines how migration and innovation intersect within these growth poles, analyzing the dynamic relationship between diverse populations and emerging industries. Migrants contribute unique skills and perspectives that foster creativity and technological advancement, thereby enhancing these regions’ economic vitality. | |
| Key words: | |
migration, growth poles, innovation, economic development, global economy. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 206-211. | |
CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE EVOLUTION OF GROSS DOMESTIC EXPENDITURE ON R&D (GERD) IN ROMANIA AND EU COUNTRIES. PART II – DYNAMIC RHYTHMSRegional Department of Defense Resources Management Studies, Brasov, Romania | |
| Abstract | |
| In this paper we have analyzed the evolution of Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) in Romania and EU countries on the last ten years with the available data (2013-2022) provided by the EUROSTAT database. The time series indicators that we used are the dynamic rhythms. | |
| Key words: | |
GERD, time series, indicators, dynamic rhythms. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 212-225. | |
THE EVOLUTION OF THE SYSTEMIC EVALUATION WITHIN THE MILITARY ORGANIZATION | |
| Abstract | |
| In the military system, the control-evaluation function has taken on several aspects that increasingly distinguish the military body from other organizations in the society. This function is visible throughout the military system, on all its levels, but with some obvious particularities related to hierarchy, directionality, continuity, focus, purpose and objectives, professionalism and realism. In the Romanian Armed Forces, the control and evaluation activities have evolved conceptually, together with the stages of pre-accession to NATO, as continuous, increasingly necessary activities, which involve reviews and analyses, with the aim of establishing the level of pre-specified objectives fulfillment, in order to apply corrective measures and eliminate possible shortcomings. The evolution of control and evaluation in the Romanian military system has been gradual and has been closely related to the evolution of the military body, both from a doctrinal and a structural-organizational point of view, especially after 1990. | |
| Key words: | |
control and evaluation, normative framework, integration, reviews, systemic evaluation. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 226-237. | |
THE INTEGRATED SUPPORT GRANTED BY THE EU TO THE STATE OF UKRAINEArmed Forces Academy „Alexandru cel Bun”, Security and Defence Department, Doctoral School, Chisinau | |
| Abstract | |
| The EU condemns in the strongest possible terms Russia’s unprovoked and unjustified war of aggression against Ukraine, which it says is a flagrant violation of international law, including the UN Charter, and calls on Russia to immediately and unconditionally withdraw all its military personnel and equipment. throughout the territory of Ukraine, with full respect for the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Ukraine within its internationally recognized borders, and to cease all hostilities. Ukraine’s peace formula is supported as the only legitimate and credible path to a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in accordance with the UN Charter. The future of Ukraine and its people lies in the European Union. The EU will stand with Ukraine on the path of reconstruction and reform every step of the way. The EU is united and resolute in its support for Ukraine. Since the start of the large-scale invasion, Team Europe has mobilized more than €88 billion to help Ukraine and its people. In March 2022, the EU activated the Temporary Protection Directive and EU Member States have since been providing protection to Ukrainian citizens displaced by the war, with more than 4 million people under temporary protection in the EU. The temporary protection was extended until March 2025. The EU has made it clear that it will stand by Ukraine and its people as long as necessary and on all fronts: humanitarian, economic, financial, political, diplomatic and military. It is heartbreaking to witness countless objects of cultural heritage systematically and deliberately destroyed and looted as part of Russia’s large-scale aggression in Ukraine. | |
| Key words: | |
EU, volunteer movement, EUMAM Ukraine, UN Refugee Agency, UN Charter, Temporary protection directive. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 238-244. | |
FOUNDATIONS FOR SECURITY LEADERSHIPValahia University of Targoviste | |
| Abstract | |
| The article presents the connectivity between self-determination theory, needs theory, and digitalization in security leadership, highlighting their influence on organizational strategies. Self-determination theory, emphasizing autonomy, competence, and relatedness, complements needs theory, which highlights the professional importance of the decision-maker. In security leadership, the application of these theories underpins ethical decision-making and shapes an environment of trust and collaboration. AI supports this mechanism by analyzing data and presenting adaptive solutions, giving leaders tools to effectively respond to contemporary challenges. | |
| Key words: | |
security leadership, security risks, intelligent leadership. | |
Journal of Defense Resources Management 15:2(2024): 245-2522. | |
Current issue
click to view the journal
ISSN: 2068-9403
eISSN: 2247-6466
ISSN-L: 2247-6466
Contact
Phone: (+40) 268.427.236
Fax: (+40) 268.401.802
Email: journal.dresmara@mapn.ro
Address:160 Mihai Viteazul Street, Bldg K, Brasov, 500183, ROMANIA
